谈have在中学英语里的用法

更新日期:2008-5-30 已被阅读：次　　

一．Have基本用法和与其他词连用

1，起佛定和疑问形式变化，在美国通用助动词do.在美国口语中常用have got代替have.

Look,can’t you see I’ve got teeth ,too,

I haven’t any jewelry.

2, have 和一些其他名词连用，表示;

(1) 一种活动

We have no classes on Sunday .(上课)

They’re gong to have a volleyball match .（举行活动）

Are we going to have a meeting this week? (开会 )

We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(听报告 )

(2)表示患病

I have got a headache.

I have a bad cold.

(3) 发生情况。

I’ve got so many falls that I’m black and blue all over。（跌跤）

(4)表示生育。

The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in onesummer.

3和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动词(have+a+由动词转化和名词)

Are you going to have a swim.

I have a long talk with the teacher.

4,have on sth 或 have sth on,表示“戴着”

I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.

At the ball Mathild had a diamond necklace on.

5,表示“吃”，“喝”。

I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.

Does she have lunch at home ?

6,组成复合结构既”have +宾语+宾语补足语“

（1）不加to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb do sth),表示让，叫某人做某事。

The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.

（注）：否定结构表示“不能让“活从未有人”

（2）现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb sth doing),表示让某人做某事。

…the two men had their lights buring all night long…….

(3) 过去分词作宾语补足语（have sb sth done）,

表示：

（1）使（让，请）别人做某事，表示的动作是别人做的.

Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joinde up.

…he should have news clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.

（2）遭遇到某事。

House near airports sometimes have their windows broken.

Workers in some industries have hearing by the noise of the machine

二．Have与 to 一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”“必须”，可用于各种时态。

I have to look after her at home.

三，have 做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。

Great changes have taken place the last two years.

They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.

四．have 用于“情态动词+have +过去分词”的结构有推测，假设之意

1, must +have+过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。

Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.

You must have left your bag in the theatre.

2,can (could)+have+过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。

He can’t have been to your home, he doesn’t know your address.

3,should+have+过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做，”用于肯定句。

You should have been here five minutes ago.

五，have 用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。

1，have a word (a few words ) with sb,表示和某人説（几）句话。

Where’s Peter ? I want to have a word with him.

2, had better +不带 to 的动词不定式，表示“…最好…”

I’d better go and look for him now.

3, have nothing (something) to do with 表示“和…无（有）“关系。

Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison’s lesson.